Improvement in paper-cutting machines



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A; DOUG'HERTY. PAPER CUTTING MACHINE;

No. 35,592]. A Patented June' 17, 18.62.

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A DOUGHERTY PAPER CUTTING MACHINE.

Patented June1'7 1862.

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' A vD'OlUGflERTY'. PAPER CUTTING-MACHINE.

' "No. 35,592. Patented-June 1?, 1862.

' fizz/mien UN TED- STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

1 ANDREW nouennn ry or, BROOKLYN, new YORK.

I'M PROVEMENT IN PAPER-CUTTING MACHINES.

. Specification forming part'of Letters Patent No. 35,592. dated June 17, 1862.

Figure 1' represents a side elevation pf a paper-cutting machine constructed according to the principles of my invention. Fig. 2,1-epresents a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 representsa plan of the same,

, and Fig. 4 represents a side view of the knives detached from the-machine.

My invention has reference to the cutting of paper into sheets, either as it is drawn from a roll or as itpasses froma paper-machine.

In such machines'it is an objectto deliver the paper rapidly to the cutter, so as to do a large amount of work, while, on the other hand, it is expedient, inorder to insure uniformity in the length of the sheets, that the knife which makes the cut benot moved faster than a certain rate, determined by experience, which is much slower than theaverage speed at which the paper should be delivered. Inorder to obtain this relatively slow movement of the knifeand average fast movement of the pa per, machines have been devised in which the movement of the paper is arrested, in whole for in part, at the'time it is cut.

My invention has; reference to this class of machinemand-jt' consists in combining the mechanism for operating the knives (which cut the paper)-with the feed-rolls or'their equivalents, (which deliver the paper to the knives,) by means of cam-formed cog-wheels, thelarge radius of one of which corresponds with the small radius of the other, the combination being such thatwhile the knives are cutting the speed of the paperis reduced to a minimum, and :need not be more than sufficient to compensate the bevel of the knives, so that the sheet iscutsquarel y across its breadth, as hereinafter described; but after -the cut is eflected thespeed is progressively increased to 1 a-inaximuni, and then progressively de creased to the speed required during cutting, the average speed beingthat at which the paper must be delivered.

' The object oil-thesecond part. of myinv-em tion is'to enable the paper to be cut in a 1- straight line across the sheet; and it consists in combining the first part of 'my invention with an. intermittent 'clampywhich grips the paper at the time the cut is made by theknives' and-prevents it's movemena'so that the paper is at rest while the knives are cutting, but at other times releases the paper and permits it to move freely through the machine.

The object of the third-part of my invention is to prevent the 'end of the paper from which a sheet has been cut from adhering tothe stationary knife; and it consists in combining'the cutting mechanism with a bellows or other means of producinga, blast of 'air to blow the end of the paper from the stationary knife, so

that it may pursue its proper coursethrough the cutting-machine.

The cutting-machine represented in the ac. companying drawings. is designed to be. connected with apaper-machine, so as to cut the paper into sheetsas fast as it is produced. The cutting is effected by means of a pair of knives which extend across the machine, one

knife, a, being stationary in referenceto the movement of the paper, and theother, I being moved The stationary knife w is secured to a stock, C, which rocks upon gudg- 'eons in the frame of the machine. The moving knife (1 is secured toa revolving knifestock, D, whose journals are supported in bearings in the frame, one of them being. extended beyond the frame. to receive the cogwheel f,vby which a rotary motion is im,

parted to the knife-stock and knife. The

moving knife is beveled, so that in cutting its edge crosses that of the stationary knife, and

the edges of the two cut like thoseofa shears. The cog-wheel f, connected with-tho stock of the moving knife, is driven. by cog-wheels e e, the last' of which is made fast to a drivingshaft, '5, which has a belt-pulley secured to it that receives the driving-belt, so that the moving knife is caused to revolve continuously at a uniform speed. The stationary knife is pressed toward the axis of the stock of the moving knife by a'pair of springs, g 'g, oneat' each of its ends, and the position which the stationary knife occupies with reference to the moving knife during cutting is.regnlated by a pair of cams', h h, .which are secured to the extremities; of the revolving knife-stock and act upon a pairof lugs, m, secured to the corresponding ends of the stock of the stationary knife. The cams h h are of such form that dhring cutting'the edge of the stationary knife is edge upon the other at the commencement of the cut isp revented.

The paper to be cut is received into the cutting-machine by a pair of feed-rollers, P and Q, one, 1?, of which is pressed toward the other bysprings I, so that the paperis gripped between the two. One of these rollers is driven at a uniform speed by means of a belt, 15, which encircles pulleys secured,respecti vel y, to the shaft of the roll and to the drivingshaft a, while the other roll, P, is caused to revolve by friction.

The paper is delivered for cutting with a varying speed by means of a second pair of feed-rolls, Tand U, one, T,'of which is pressed toward the other by spri' gs, so that the paper is gripped between the two. The other roller, U, of the pair has a cog-wheel, o, securedto one of its gudgeons, and this cog-wheel is driven by means of other cog-wheels, o and 0, the last of which is secured to a countershaft, ,9, that is parallel with the driving-shaft 'i. The counter-shaft and driving-shaft are fitted with cam-shaped cog-wheels W and X, having nearly the form of ellipses. These cogwheels have the same number of teeth, and they are so set upontheir respective shafts that the shortest radius of one corresponds with the longest radius of the other; hence as the driving-shafti and the moving knife driven by it revolve at a uniform speed the speed of the delivery-rolls T U, whose revolution is determined by the camshaped cog-wheels, will be alternately fast and slow. The position of these cog-wheels is such that the slow motion of the delivery-rolls takes placewhen the knives are cutting, the shortest radiusof the wheel W (upon the driving-shaft) then corresponding with the longest radius of the wheel X upon the counter-shaft, and the relative lengths of these two radii atthat time are such that the paper is moved forward sons to keep the successive points of cut from one side to the other of the sheet in aline at right angles, or thereabout,with the direction in which the paper is delivered, so that whatever bevel is given to the stationary knife is compensated, and the line of cut is practically squareacross the sheet. Vhen the cut is completed, the progressive change in the length of the radii of the cog-wheels which are in line causes the counter-shaft s and the delivery-rolls driven thereby to move with progressively increas ing speed until the largest radius of the cog wheel \V on the driving-shaft corresponds with the smallest radius of that X on' the counter-shaft, after which period the speed is progressively decreased to that required when cutting. As the receiving-rolls P Q revolve with uniform speed, while the delivery-rolls T U revolve-with a varying speed, the average of which is equal to that of the receiving-rolls, the paper between the two is alternately slacked and drawn up in order to hold the paper taut. Notwithstanding this slack, a supplementary roll, Z, is placed near the receiving-roll, and a dancing-roll, N, is arranged to rise and fall in guides between the supplementary roll and the lowerreceiving-roll, the paper being conducted round the rolls, as shown by the red line in Fig. 2, so that the dancing-roll takes up and gives out the slack as required.

The mechanism thns'far described will cut paper sufficiently square across for many purposes; but as the paper is moving a little at the time of cutting, and as the stationary knife should be set slightly beveling to coinpensate this movement,the line of cut1s sh ghtly curved. In order that theline of out should be straight across'the sheet/the edge of the stationary knife is set at right angles to the length of the sheet, and a clamp is employed to grip the sheet of paper and hold it at rest during the operation of the knives upon it. This clamp in the present machine is formed by a vibrating block, m, suspended near its edge by piv-.

ots to thcframe of the machine insuch manner that its-lower edge can be swung towarda stationary block, a, which is secured to the ma chine above the stationary knife. The ends of the clamp are fitted with springs s, which bear upon cams secured to the ends of the revolving knife-stock O, and these cams are of such form that just before cutting commences they act upon the springs and bear the clamp toward the stationary block 0, between which and the clamp the sheet of paper is'delivercd. After the cut is made the cams permit the clamp to swing back by its weight and release the paper.

In order to carry into effect the third part of my invention in the machine represented, a bellows, A, is provided, and its nozzle is connected with a pipe,n, which extends parallel with the stationary knife. The side of this pipe nearer the stationary knife is perforated with a row of holes, through which the blast produced by the bellows is discharged over the stationary knife-blade against the sheet of paper extending upward therefrom. The blast is prevented from unduly expanding, and thereby becoming weakened before it strikes thepaper, by the block a, between which and the upper surface of the knifethe blast is discharged.

The bellows is operated by a cam (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1) secured to the deliveryroll U. The cam operates thebellows to make the blast through the intervention of two levers, d and z, and the bellows-board is raised to draw in a new supply of air by means of a spring, :21, acting through the intervention ofthe same levers. The cam is so set upon the delivery-roll that the blast of air is produced, immediately after the cuthas been effected, so as to detach the end of the paper from the knife and cause it to pursue its proper course downward.

lhe sheets of paper as they are cut may be:,

drawn 011' by hand, or may be received upon and delivered by a fly or dumb-boy operating in' the usual manner.

As the connection hetviee'n the deliveryrolls of the maehineand theknives is positive,

the lengths of the sheets of paper out are uniform, which, it is believed, is not the case with any entting-machinclheretofore used.

In order to change the machine to cut sheets of different lengths, a'set' of pairs of changewheels should be provided, so asto vary the.

speed of the delivery-rolls to that of the moving knife. a

Having thiis described a paper-cutting machine embodying all parts of my invention, what I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent; is-

a blast of air to detach the paper from the knives, substantially asset-forth. In testimony wheteotl have hereunto snbscribed my name;

ANDREW, DOUGHERTY.

Witnesses! I. R. 000mm, EDWARD E. CORKEE. 

